{"id":6621,"date":"2025-10-27T12:13:35","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T12:13:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T10:31:54","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T10:31:54","slug":"cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/","title":{"rendered":"CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses"},"content":{"rendered":"

CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses<\/h4><\/div>

The health of our animals is just as important to us as our own. More and more pet owners are discovering CBD oil for animals as a gentle and natural way to support the well-being of their beloved companions. CBD (cannabidiol) is a plant-based compound from the hemp plant known for its balancing effect on body and mind \u2013 both in humans and in animals such as dogs, cats, and horses.<\/p>\n<\/div>

How Does CBD Work in Animals?<\/h4><\/div>

Like us humans, animals also have an endocannabinoid system (ECS). This system plays an important role in regulating numerous bodily functions such as sleep, appetite, mood, pain, and inflammatory responses.
\nCBD can interact with the receptors of this system and thereby help bring the organism into a natural balance. Learn more in our article [“How Does CBD Work?”].<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Natural Balance Through Endogenous Cannabinoids<\/h4><\/div>

Mammals such as dogs, cats, and horses produce their own cannabinoids that constantly communicate with the receptors of the ECS. When this system becomes unbalanced \u2013 for example, due to stress, illness, age, or high strain \u2013 the production of these endogenous substances can decrease.
\nMany pet owners report that CBD oil can provide support here and help restore natural balance \u2013 in a gentle and plant-based way.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>

CBD Oil Can Improve the Quality of Life for Dogs, Cats & Horses<\/h4><\/div>

CBD for animals is commonly used today to promote quality of life. Many pet owners use it to support with stress, restlessness, anxiety, pain, or inflammation.
\nWhether it’s a nervous dog, stressed cat, or older horse with joint issues \u2013 CBD can naturally contribute to more calm, relaxation, and vitality. It does not have an intoxicating effect and does not burden the body.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Natural, THC-Free, and Safe for Animals<\/h4><\/div>

Our CBD oil for pets is free from THC and terpenes, gently produced, and made from purely natural, organic ingredients. It is not psychoactive, does not cause dependency, and is equally suitable for dogs, cats, and horses.
\nCBD supports inner balance, strengthens well-being, and can naturally promote your animal’s physical and mental health.<\/p>\n<\/div>

Do Animals Get “High” from CBD?<\/h4><\/div>

No \u2013 CBD has no intoxicating effect. It is fundamentally different from THC, the psychoactive component of the hemp plant. CBD works in a balancing, calming, and supportive way without making the animal “high” or negatively affecting its behavior.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The health of our animals is just as important to us as our own. More and more pet owners are discovering CBD oil for animals as a gentle and natural way to support the well-being of their beloved companions. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6622,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[197],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cbd-oel-fuer-tiere"],"yoast_head":"\nCBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CBD Produkte Bl\u00fctengold\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40\"},\"headline\":\"CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\"},\"wordCount\":7179,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"CBD \u00d6l f\u00fcr Tiere\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\",\"name\":\"CBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40\"},\"description\":\"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg\",\"width\":400,\"height\":300},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/\",\"name\":\"CBD Produkte Bl\u00fctengold\",\"description\":\"Bl\u00fctengold\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"CBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold","description":"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"CBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold","og_description":"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.","og_url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/","og_site_name":"CBD Produkte Bl\u00fctengold","article_published_time":"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00","og_image":[{"width":400,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40"},"headline":"CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses","datePublished":"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/"},"wordCount":7179,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg","articleSection":["CBD \u00d6l f\u00fcr Tiere"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/","url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/","name":"CBD oil for animals \u2013 dogs, cats & horses | Bl\u00fctengold","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg","datePublished":"2025-10-27T12:13:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-09T10:31:54+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40"},"description":"Natural CBD oil for dogs, cats & horses \u2013 gently supports wellbeing & balance. THC-free & made in Switzerland.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Bluetengold-CBD-Oel-fuer-Haustiere-Beitrag-1.jpg","width":400,"height":300},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/2025\/10\/27\/cbd-oel-fuer-haustiere-natuerliche-unterstuetzung-fuer-hunde-katzen-und-pferde\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"CBD Oil for Pets \u2013 Natural Support for Dogs, Cats, and Horses"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/","name":"CBD Produkte Bl\u00fctengold","description":"Bl\u00fctengold","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/89c894d1ea50bdb7eaf5f7979765ba40","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/90ae27de17373707bf8aed76a7352426453fa928f9cbc90b2b5337100a9d86b0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/bluetengold.ch"],"url":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6621"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6655,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6621\/revisions\/6655"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bluetengold.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}